Developing eco-industrial parks would help Vietnam attract foreign direct investment and promote sustainable growth.
This conclusion highlighted a two-day conference ending on November 9 about opportunities, challenges and barriers to eco-industrial parks in the country. It was co-organised by the Ministry of Planning and Investment and the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO) in Ho Chi Minh City as part of the “Implementation of eco-industrial park initiative for sustainable industrial zones in Vietnam” project.
Tran Huy Dong, Director of the ministry’s Department for Local and Regional Economy, said the increases in industrial production and industrial zones brought challenges like environmental pollution, negative impacts on residents’ lives, the inefficient use of resources and the inadequate application of green technologies.
Dong said developing eco-industrial parks would help address all of these problems.
Dong said that in the future, the eco-industrial park model could be considered compulsory for production companies that discharge huge amounts of emissions.
Within the project, funded by the Global Environment Facility and Swiss State Secretariat of Economic Affairs, the eco-industrial park initiative has been implemented in Ninh Binh, Da Nang and Can Tho with the participation of 72 companies over three years.
Vu Quoc Huy, Deputy Director of the Department of Local and Regional Economy, said the pilot implementation of eco-industrial parks at Khanh Phu, Gian Khau industrial zones (IZs) (Ninh Binh province), Hoa Khanh IZ (Da Nang city) and Tra Noc IZ (Can Tho) helped save hundreds of billions of dong in the past three years.
Huy cited statistics showing that investment in the development of eco-industrial parks totalled VND270 billion (US$11.74 million), but a sum of more than US$171 billion was saved in the past three years by reducing the use of raw materials, power, water, fuel and chemicals. Solid waste discharge was reduced by more than 9,300 tonnes and waste water was reduced by 850,000 cu.m.
Huy said eco-industrial parks also had benefits in saving costs for companies, reducing resource consumption and discharge for the environment, improving labourers’ health and living quality and reaching sustainable development goals for management agencies.
The ministry would issue a decree next year to complete the legal framework for the implementation of eco-industrial parks, Huy said, adding that regulations about recycling and waste treatment were the two most difficult matters in compiling the regulations.
According to Heinz Leuenberger of the University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, it is important to have detailed instructions for enterprises and industrial parks to approach the eco-industrial park model. The parks must be made more attractive than traditional industrial zones to ensure feasibility, he said.
Nguyen Thi Hong Lieu from the Vietnam Environment Administration said industrial park developers still paid little attention to building eco-industrial parks, adding that they were more focused on increasing occupancy.
Experts at the conference pointed out that eco-industrial parks would help attract quality foreign direct investment, improve competitiveness and promote sustainable growth in Vietnam.
Smail Alhilali from UNIDO said eco-industrial parks would help reduce production waste and promote the use of recyclable materials.
The Government issued Decree No 82/2018/ND-CP on May 22 about economic and industrial zone management, which set criteria for eco-industrial parks.
According to UNIDO, an eco-industrial park is a community of businesses located on a common property where members seek enhanced environmental, economic and social performance through collaboration in managing environmental and resource issues.
Statistics from the Ministry of Planning and Investment showed that since 1991, Vietnam has developed 326 industrial and processing zones with a total area of 94,000 hectares, attracting more than 16,000 projects with a total registered capital of more than US$180 billion.
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| Developing eco-industrial parks would help address the problems caused by normal industrial production and industrial zones |
Vietnam should give priority to areas where it has potential to build strengths, particularly manufacturing and packaging.
Vietnam has built a solid semiconductor and electronics industry before joining ITSI, attracting major US semiconductor companies. Intel Products Vietnam is one of Intel's largest assembly and testing facilities worldwide, while chip design companies such as Synopsys, Cadence, Marvell and Qualcomm have established engineering and research centres in the Southeast Asian country.
According to the Ministry of Construction, Vietnam has around 2,500 old apartment blocks and collective housing complexes built before 1994, covering about 3 million square metres of floor space, mainly in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Of these, around 196 have been classified as severely deteriorated and unsafe.
Durian exports reached nearly 1.1 billion USD in the first six months of 2026, up 32% year-on-year. The industry's strongest export season, however, is still ahead.
The country's agro-forestry-aquatic product exports reached nearly 42.8 billion USD in the January–July period, up 7.5% year-on-year and equivalent to almost 60% of the annual target of 74 billion USD.
During the first seven months of 2026, Vietnam attracted more than 38 billion USD in registered FDI, up nearly 58% year-on-year. More importantly, the increase was driven by large-scale, high-tech projects rather than a surge in the number of new investments, signalling a significant improvement in the quality of capital inflows.
Manufacturing and engineering posted the strongest recruitment growth, with hiring demand surging 70% year-on-year, driven by production expansion, supply chain restructuring and sustained investment inflows in high-tech manufacturing.
Vietnam's total import-export turnover reached 659.58 billion USD in the first seven months of 2026, up 28.1% year-on-year.
The projects in Phu Quoc have been implemented under tight deadlines. Since May 2025, the Prime Minister has directed preparations for APEC 2027, including accelerated infrastructure development on the special zone. An Giang province and investors have subsequently launched a number of major projects involving complex technical requirements and demanding construction schedules.
The NSO also reported that realised FDI reached an estimated 15.2 billion USD during the January-July period, an increase of 11.8% from a year earlier and the highest seven-month disbursement recorded over the past five years.
Household deposits at banks reached a new high of 10.8 quadrillion VND (414 billion USD) at the end of May, up more than 108 trillion VND from April and increasing by 4.76% from the beginning of the year, equivalent to nearly 492 trillion VND.
The plan seeks to develop a balanced and modern financial market that is closely integrated with regional and global markets, strengthens the mobilisation and allocation of domestic and foreign capital, and enhances the market’s role as a key provider of medium- and long-term capital for the economy and as a major driver of sustained high economic growth.
Under the province's master plan for 2021–2030 with a vision to 2050, An Giang will prioritise investment in five strategic sectors: strategic infrastructure; processing industries and clean energy; trade, services, logistics and border-gate economy; high-quality tourism; and high-tech agriculture, ecological development and the circular economy.
According to the VCCI, these measures are not only necessary for managing potential risks arising from US trade actions but also crucial to enhancing competitiveness and meeting growing international expectations on compliance, product origin, quality and transparency.
Businesses say the biggest obstacle to reducing emissions and transforming production models remains the lack of financial resources needed to upgrade technologies, modernise production lines and build governance systems that comply with global sustainability standards.
Once operations stabilise, Lien Khuong International Airport in the Central Highlands province of Lam Dong is projected to serve approximately 6,800 passengers a day, nearly 1,000 more than before its temporary closure. Passenger throughput during the final four months of 2026 is forecast to reach around 816,000.
The growing number of international retailers and importers choosing Ho Chi Minh City as a sourcing destination underscores the city's transformation from a trade promotion venue into a regional procurement hub.
The PM called on the business community, business associations and the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) to strengthen self-reliance, innovation and competitiveness by improving governance, adopting advanced technologies, enhancing product quality and using capital more efficiently.
Under Decree No. 263/2026/ND-CP, qualified projects are given priority to participate in State support programmes as well as funds and policies on research and development, technological innovation, technology transfer, human resource training, investment promotion and trade promotion.
In its latest economic outlook report, Standard Chartered said the adjustment follows Vietnam’s positive economic performance in the first half of the year, with growth drivers continuing to gain momentum.